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A recent clinical study by Čepukova & Gierasimovič (2023) demonstrated that mandelic acid significantly reduces skin inflammation, sensitivity, and post-acne hyperpigmentation. The acid promoted skin regeneration and visibly reduced rash elements, particularly in the central facial region, with no signs of severe skin necrosis or irritation. This supports the inclusion of mandelic acid in Trifoliate Serum as a gentle yet effective exfoliant for inflamed and acne-affected skin.

In a separate investigation, Bilal et al. (2023) evaluated the effect of 2% supramolecular salicylic acid (SSA) on the facial microbiome of acne patients. The study reported a statistically significant reduction in lesion count and Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) scores (p < 0.001). Post-treatment samples showed a restored balance of bacterial diversity, with a marked decrease in acne-associated genera like Staphylococcus, Ralstonia, and Streptococcus. This validates SSA’s role in microbiome stabilization and reinforces its role in Trifoliate Serum for microbial harmony and acne relief.

Additionally, the herbal component Neem, as highlighted in the clinical trial by Yogesh et al. (2022), showed significant reductions in both inflammatory and non-inflammatory acne lesions (p < 0.001). The study also observed improved skin hydration and reduced sebum levels, alongside high user satisfaction and no adverse effects. Neem’s anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial actions in this context strongly justify its use in Trifoliate Serum for natural, plant-based acne defense.

Collectively, these findings provide robust support for the synergistic formulation of Trifoliate Serum. The inclusion of mandelic acid, salicylic acid, and neem extract offers a multifaceted approach to acne management—targeting inflammation, microbial imbalance, excess sebum, and post-acne marks—while remaining gentle and safe for continuous use.

References

• Čepukova, E., & Gierasimovič, Z. (2023). The effect of mandelic acid on acne-affected facial skin. Slauga. Mokslas ir praktika, 4(6), 8-14.
• Bilal, H., Xiao, Y., Khan, M. N., Chen, J., Wan, Q., & Zen, Y. (2023). Stabilization of acne vulgaris-associated microbial dysbiosis with 2% supramolecular salicylic acid. Pharmaceuticals, 16(1), 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16010087
• Yogesh, H. R., Gajjar, T., Patel, N., & Kumawat, R. (2022). Clinical study to assess efficacy and safety of Purifying Neem Face Wash in prevention and reduction of acne in healthy adults. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 21(7), 2849-2858. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocd.15032